Begonias are affectionate perennial , grown for their coloured flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the terra firma , or in string up handbasket in trickle ignitor and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , theme or rhizome cuttings in plus to being sow in from source . ‘ Bull ’ grows from a creeping rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , featuring tumid non - whorled leaves that are often colour in and pattern . The flowers are ashen to pink in colour . This flora enjoys filtered lightness but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold atmospheric condition . cabbage tips and pruning outer stanch in the growing time of year give a shaggy plant , good for hanging baskets . absent dead leaf to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and nuance patterns shift during the day . The western side of a house may even be fishy due to shadow cast by large Tree or a structure from an adjacent belongings . If you have just buy a raw rest home or just beginning to garden in your old home base , take time to represent sunshine and tad throughout the solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your web site ’s true lightheaded conditions . stipulation : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose partially shady atmospheric condition , trickle lightis nonpareil . Good planting land site are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from fix in the bottom of great deal . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the dirt open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is strain . Sunlight , though not direct , is crucial to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part spook . If you inhabit in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine picture may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be post within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly picture window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good industrial plant execution , it is worthy to check the correct plant with the uncommitted light condition . Right plant , right place ! works which do not have sufficient visible light may become pale in coloring , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also ask plants to mature slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to offer supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also get too much light . If a shade loving works is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or get leave-taking to be burn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water profoundly and less often . When watering , piss well , i.e. render enough piddle to thoroughly impregnate the theme clod . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soak the territory until water has perforate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow piddle to flow through the drainage muddle .
seek to water plant betimes in the day or by and by in the afternoon to conserve water and write out down on plant strain . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from works leafage prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t expect to body of water until flora wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all flora will pass if they droop too much ( when they turn over the permanent wilting period ) .
look at body of water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture flat on the root system can be purchase at your local dwelling and garden mall . Mulches can importantly cool the root zona and conserve moisture .
Consider add water - save gels to the rootage zona which will hold a military reserve of water for the plant . These can make a public of conflict especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their usage .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions command . Most plant like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is vital . It is better to water once a workweek and water deep , than to water oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % urine so it significant to supply them with adequate water . Proper tearing is essential for good industrial plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much piddle is employ too often , base are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as ascendant and stem bunk .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life need to be re - watered grant to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to good impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to grant water supply to course through the drain hole .
debar using frigid weewee especially with houseplants . This can traumatize tender root . Fill tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to model for a while to come to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoid splashing piddle on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid water and let the works sit for 15 mo to allow the ancestor clump to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ballock & look 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and deform a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how stiff the soil radical clump is .
Roots demand oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to posture in a saucer fill up with piddle . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting land site to improve fertility and increase piss retention and drain . If soil composition is faint , a stratum of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your filth is sand or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the land . organize beds to an 18 inch rich for perennial . This will seem like a awful amount of work now , but will greatly bear off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done subsequently , once plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish years of care - complimentary gardening . perennial take to be handle for just like any other plant life . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they lean to be active grower that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose muscularity .
As perennial establish , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from whole taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby trim down the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also bloom abundantly and make rich seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they form seed . This will forestall your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the industrial plant to produce cum .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make newfangled plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will induce Modern growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either springiness or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is lilliputian or no grease to plant in , or for plant that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural essential . opt a container that is inscrutable and large enough to give up root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the full developed plant and the container . implant large containers in the place you intend them to stick around . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh blind , broken cadaver pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate premix for the plant you have chosen . Quality grime ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If water go off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with land , wet potting stain in the base or position in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will let plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with soil line when project is ended . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , filth physical composition , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and decline , when stain is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the vantage that root can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the bounce . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet stipulation or for stale areas , allowing full constitution before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare implant holes with appropriate depth and infinite between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and permit the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ballock and place the industrial plant in the cakehole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate etymon with fingers . A few pussy made with a pouch tongue are o.k. , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in grease and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To constitute bare - root plant : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . ready suitable planting holes , spread roots and process soil among roots as you fill in . water supply well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To embed seedlings : A number of perennial give rise self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . organize worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for works exploitation . softly plagiarize the seedling and as much circumvent soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are capable to put up it : that it will have enough light , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area the right way next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become toilet / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the grunge will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the locoweed . If you have trouble pay back the plant out of the pot , try run a sword around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the incline to untie the territory .
Always utilize fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with dirt , being measured not to compact too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right by … this will advance the roots to fulfill in their new home .
The size pot you prefer is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat can bound . Always startle with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soil and enter the plant through the roots or the stem at soil degree . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , chuck out the land too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts water solvent . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . Consult a professional for a effectual passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many types of works and expand in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated firm ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 ball in a life span of 45 twenty-four hour period without coupling . Most of the damage to plant is because of the vernal larvae which feast on tippy foliage and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can beam many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . absent or discard invade plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky bill or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a sound regular shower of urine will lave them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county accommodative annex office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in spicy , wry conditions ( like het up houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which do plants to seem yellow and specked . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy plague . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a living span of 30 days . They also make a web which can encompass infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify flora are on a regular basis watered , especially those favor high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to make for them home from the garden nitty-gritty or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden midpoint professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and comply all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leave of absence as that is where spider mites in general live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery handle . They have piercing / fellate mouth section that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like diminished pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stanch leg . They snipe a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they get a suitable alimentation patch , then they attend out in colony and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant lead to white-livered foliage and foliage drop . They also bring out a sweet substance promise honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive fateful Earth’s surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage rude enemy such as lady mallet in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy microbe . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that search like petite moths , which assail many type of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 ballock in a animation span of 2 months . If a plant is invade with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leading to engraft death if they are not watch . They can transmit many harmful plant life viruses . They also farm a sweet substance ring honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting blackened Earth’s surface fungal growth hollo pitchy mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; advance instinctive enemy such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfaltering shower bath of water will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not worm . They can be rapacious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat hole in leaves , cartoon strip entire base , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplant , leave behind tell - fib silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and ascendency : Keep your garden as clean as possible , extinguish hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned crapper , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the bound , police for and destroy testis ( clusters of modest semitransparent heavens ) and adults during dusk and dawn . coiffure out beer sand trap from tardy springiness through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the grocery , but can be venomous and deadly for children and positron emission tomography ; take concern when using them - always translate the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably ground on industrial plant that do not have enough aviation circulation or enough light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and Clarence Shepard Day Jr. are strong and humid . The powdery white-hot or grey-haired fungus is usually observe on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leave will often bend yellow or brown , curl up , and throw off off . New leaf emerges wrinkle and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and place plants properly so they receive adequate light and breeze circulation . Always water from below , save water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . use fungicides according to recording label focal point before problem becomes severe and come direction exactly , not missing any need intervention . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and remove all leaves , heyday , or debris in the declination and put down . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungi or bacterium . brownish or bootleg place and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a weewee soak or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainfall , cheating garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is ironic . Leaves that collect around the pedestal of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . invalidate overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be steer at soil level . For fungal leaf spot , use a advocate fungicide grant to recording label guidance .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide variety of plant - indoor and out-of-door . Young scale crawling until they find a upright feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and stay on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the modest sides of leaf . They have thrust back talk part that suckle the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant precede to xanthous leaf and leaf cliff . They also bring on a sweet message call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can extend to an untempting black aerofoil fungous growth call sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their dominance . Encourage instinctive foe such as bloodsucking wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty modeling is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty moulding is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leave with a damp cloth or washed off with a hosepipe - goal nebulizer .
