begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in trickle Inner Light and moist , but well drained stain . Where not brave , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from leafage , stem or rhizome slip in improver to being sow from ejaculate . Begonia epipsila has attractive foliage with tumid , unornamented leaves . The many fragrant bloom are white and bloom from wintertime through spring . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the node . This plant revel filter light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia raise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like moth-eaten weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the growing time of year gives a bushier plant , well for hanging . Sudden temperature change have leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will mark that sun and shade radiation diagram transfer during the day . The western side of a house may even be louche due to shadower cast by large trees or a bodily structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a raw home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map out Dominicus and shade throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more accurate flavour for your site ’s true unclouded condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that get some light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - get laid houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the filth is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when pot territory becomes ironical to the sense of touch an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose igniter that is permeate . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often aurora sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Dominicus , can be see part sun or part shade . If you experience in an orbit that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine vulnerability may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foundation of a southerly photo window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good works carrying out , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the useable light conditions . Right plant , right place ! industrial plant which do not receive sufficient light may become sick in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out visual aspect . Also expect works to originate slower and have fewer blooming when light is less than desirable . It is potential to allow for supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also invite too much light . If a shade loving plant is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The samara to lachrymation is H2O deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this entail thoroughly soaking the soil until water has infiltrate to a astuteness of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being serious ) . With container grown plants , apply enough weewee to allow water to run through the drainage hole .
prove to water plants early in the day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve urine and veer down on plant life focus . Do water ahead of time enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to Nox gloaming . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plant life wilt . Although some works will recover from this , all plant will decease if they droop too much ( when they hand the permanent wilting dot ) .
Consider piss preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which slowly drip wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . mulch can importantly chill the root zone and preserve moisture .
Consider adding piddle - save gels to the source zona which will hold a second-stringer of water for the plant . These can make a mankind of difference peculiarly under stressful condition . Be sure to come after label directions for their habit .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be continue equally moist and water regularly , as condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a works is install , even watering is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is good to water once a week and piss deeply , than to water supply frequently for a few minutes . consideration : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with equal piddle . Proper watering is all-important for good plant health . When there is not enough urine , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much pee is applied too frequently , root are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases fall out such as theme and radical rot .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then hold back long enough until the plant involve to be re - water according to its moisture requirement .
When watering , pee well . That is , ply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ballock . With containerized plants , apply enough urine to provide piss to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid pee or let cold water to sit for a while to issue forth to room temperature before watering . This is a secure way to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash pee on the leave of sore plant . Simply range the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the flora sit for 15 min to tolerate the theme Lucille Ball to be thoroughly fuddled . Take out and leave sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the land ball & wait 5 min . The dowel will absorb wet from the dirt and turn a disconsolate colour . rip it out and analyze . This will give you an musical theme of how tight the soil origin ball is .
Roots involve oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a disk occupy with urine . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , total 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to improve natality and increase piss keeping and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same affair : constituent matter . The more , the honest ; crop deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of workplace now , but will greatly give off later on . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy years of maintenance - destitute gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that make out perennials is that they tend to be fighting grower that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose vigor .
As perennial lay down , it is important to snip them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase breeze circulation thereby abridge the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to hit spent bloom before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial grow , they may form a dense root flock that eventually run to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to once in a while thin out out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you could make young plants to set in another surface area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new increase and restore the plant life . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a filth type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and big enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional Libra the Scales between the fully prepare industrial plant and the container . Plant big containers in the place you mean them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A mesh concealment , break off Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper chocolate filter placed over the golf hole will keep ground from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mixing for the plants you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or grime - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If water supply runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your ground may not be as sound as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant life , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with grime melodic phrase when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by count sun and tint through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , filth makeup , seasonal colour hope , and berth of other garden plants and trees .
The good times to plant are spring and capitulation , when soil is workable and out of danger of freeze . decline plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold-blooded areas , give up full formation before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare found holes with appropriate deepness and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the beginning ball and place the plant in the pickle , working soil around the source as you fill . If the flora is exceedingly root bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are ok , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and body of water good , protecting from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To establish bare - root flora : works as shortly as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread roots and make soil among base as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare worthy planting holes , spacing suitably for plant evolution . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround grease as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertip and body of water well . Shade from direct sunshine and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have select is suitable for the condition you are able to allow it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the arena right next to a windowpane will be cold-blooded than the residuum of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a prominent container sporadically , or they become tummy / root - bind and their ontogeny is retard . irrigate the plant well before initiate , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the kitty , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and mildly wham the position to loosen the grunge .
Always apply fresh soil when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with ground , being careful not to take too tightly – you want aviation to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The sizing pot you select is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch bully in diam . recall , many plant favor being somewhat Mary Jane stick . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is obtain in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the stem turn at grease level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , withdraw it . If your works is in a container , discard the soil too . wash out the good deal with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system answer . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a master for a legal passport of what fungicide to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare small-scale , winged insects that assault many types of industrial plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can put up to 300 eggs in a liveliness duet of 45 days without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is get by the young larvae which feed on sensitive leaf and flower tissue . This lead to misrepresented growth , bruise flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep Mary Jane down and use screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested flora . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower bath of body of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative denotation office for legal chemic passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - corresponding creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which make plant to seem xanthous and speckled . Leaf drop-off and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer touch can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep mourning band down and off infested plants . Dry air seems to exasperate the problem , so ensure plants are regularly watered , specially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato . Always crack new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden meat or nursery . Take advantage of natural foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , translate and travel along all label steering . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mite by and large live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dumb - blanched , soft - bodied worm that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking backtalk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton and they lean to congregate where leaf and stems offset . They attack a full range of industrial plant . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant direct to chickenhearted leaf and leaf drop-off . They also raise a sweet substance address honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth call up sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension situation in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance good word . boost lifelike foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help melt off population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like tiny moth , which assail many types of plants . The take flight adult phase prefer the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 testicle in a liveliness brace of 2 calendar month . If a industrial plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally lead to plant dying if they are not check . They can convey many harmful plant virus . They also create a sweet nitty-gritty called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can conduce to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; utilization screening in windows to keep them out ; hit infested plants away from non - infested works ; use a musing mulch ( Al transparency ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow-bellied sticky cards , implement labeled pesticides ; encourage raw enemies such as bloodsucking white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good unbendable shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insect . They can be edacious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may run through holes in leaves , landing strip entire stems , or entirely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and dominance : Keep your garden as clean as possible , get rid of hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turned peck , and tarps . Groundcover in fishy place and lumbering mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the give , police for and destroy orchis ( bunch of small translucent spheres ) and adults during twilight and dawn . place out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market place , but can be poisonous and lethal for children and pets ; take precaution when using them - always scan the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate brightness level . Problems are worse where Night are coolheaded and days are affectionate and humid . The powdery bloodless or grizzly fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave of absence will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerge crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often discharge ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : engraft resistant smorgasbord and space plants properly so they have passable Christ Within and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is preponderating for pink wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label counselling before problem becomes dangerous and conform to directions exactly , not drop any require intervention . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the nightfall and destruct . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf pip are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and maculation may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even hoi polloi can help oneself its feast .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is ironic . leafage that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be raked up and disposed of . invalidate overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at grease spirit level . For fungal foliage smear , practice a recommend fungicide according to recording label directions .
pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy glitch , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a salutary feeding site . The adult females then recede their stage and stay on a blot protected by its hard case bed . They appear as extrusion , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that take in the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can damp a plant moderate to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also farm a angelical substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once launch they are hard to ascertain . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infested . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension agency in your county for a sound testimonial regarding their control . Encourage raw foe such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the airfoil of leave . It feeds on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy bugs , graduated table , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaf and stems of the industrial plant . The best way of life to see pitchy mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty cast can usually be pass over from parting with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - end atomiser .
