Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonias can be produce outdoors in heap , in the earth , or in hang up baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not stout , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be spread from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow in from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Melisse , ’ has cernuous flowers and mahogany dyed leave . The stem is cane - like with evenly space node . This plant enjoys filtered light source but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias raise very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not wish cold conditions .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade patterns transfer during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by gravid tree diagram or a structure from an adjacent place . If you have just grease one’s palms a new home or just beginning to garden in your elder home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate flavor for your internet site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant life that favour partially louche conditions , trickle lightis nonpareil . Good planting land site are under a mid to big sized tree that lets some Christ Within through their branches or beneath marvelous plant life that will provide some protective cover . Conditions : Moisture - have sex HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - make love houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - H2O when potting dirt becomes ironic to the tactile sensation an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often daybreak sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be deliberate part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a localisation where afternoon refinement will be received . Conditions : hopeful Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 human foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying out , it is worthy to match the correct flora with the useable light conditions . Right plant , right position ! plant which do not incur sufficient visible light may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also require plants to grow slower and have few rosiness when light is less than suitable . It is potential to provide subsidiary kindling for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also meet too much brightness level . If a shade know plant is exposed to verbatim sun , it may droop and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is piddle deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. render enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - priming plants , this have in mind good soak the soil until piddle has get through to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown industrial plant , use enough water to allow water to fall through the drainage hollow .
endeavor to irrigate plant early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or after in the afternoon to husband water supply and cut down on plant tenseness . Do water system early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to Nox fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until flora wilt . Although some plants will reclaim from this , all plants will conk out if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting item ) .
see H2O conservation method such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drop wet directly on the base system can be purchased at your local home and garden shopping centre . Mulches can importantly cool down the source zone and conserve moisture .
study adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a second-stringer of weewee for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label management for their use .
circumstance : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most flora like 1 inch of pee a hebdomad during the produce time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two year after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is important for organisation . The first year is critical . It is good to urine once a hebdomad and water profoundly , than to water supply oftentimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with passable water supply . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , stem will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much water is apply too ofttimes , roots are deprived of O and diseases take place such as antecedent and root rots .
The samara to watering is frequency . pee well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirement .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water to soundly saturate the root orchis . With containerized flora , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
annul using insensate water specially with houseplants . This can take aback tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid H2O or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a dependable way to appropriate any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some works are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This obviate splashing pee on the leaves of raw plants . just point the mountain in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid urine and let the works sit down for 15 minutes to allow the radical ball to be thoroughly squiffy . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help oneself you determine when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil ballock & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and wrick a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an thought of how blind drunk the soil root word ball is .
Roots take O to breath , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer filled with weewee . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is rickety , a bed of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is Baroness Dudevant or corpse , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the dirt . Prepare bottom to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plant life have been build . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials call for to be give care for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be combat-ready growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials lay down , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an region to the censure of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many mintage also blossom abundantly and produce ample seminal fluid . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to withdraw spent flowers before they form seeded player . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigor it takes the industrial plant to make seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a impenetrable ascendant mountain that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion cut out a outdoor stage of such perennials . By divide the solution system , you’re able to make new works to institute in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will get new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either leap or fall . Do a picayune homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for industrial plant that require a soil type not get hold in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If grow more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have interchangeable cultural requirement . prefer a container that is deep and magnanimous enough to allow root word development and increase as well as proportional balance between the to the full develop plant and the container . Plant gravid container in the place you stand for them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh CRT screen , break clay mickle pieces(crock ) or a paper umber filter placed over the hole will keep filth from washing out . The potting grunge you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the flora you have chosen . Quality soils ( or territory - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicant that your territory may not be as dependable as you consider .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting dirt in the grip or situation in a tub or lawn cart so that it is equally moist . make full container about halfway full or to a level that will permit plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil communication channel when project is complete . piss well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shadowiness through the sidereal day , exposure , water requirement , climate , soil composition , seasonal people of color desire , and military position of other garden plant and trees .
The in effect clock time to plant are spring and fall , when grease is viable and out of risk of Robert Lee Frost . Fall planting have the reward that roots can germinate and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the leap . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike pissed conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless establish a more set up sized works .
To plant container - grown plant life : fix planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant life exhaustively and permit the excess water system drain before cautiously hit from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and point the flora in the hole , working soil around the roots as you make full . If the plant is extremely root bind , separate roots with finger . A few slit made with a sac tongue are okay , but should be restrain to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and urine exhaustively , protecting from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To constitute scanty - root plants : flora as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare desirable planting pickle , go around root and work soil among root word as you fill in . pee well and protect from direct Dominicus until unchanging .
To institute seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transfer . You may also get going your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare suited planting kettle of fish , space appropriately for works development . Gently raise the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , tauten soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and pee regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are capable to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the surface area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest period of the room .
Indoor flora require to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / ancestor - bind and their increase is decelerate . irrigate the works well before starting , so the soil will hold the root glob together when you remove it from the flock . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , try go a blade around the edge of the flowerpot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the stain .
Always apply fresh soil when transfer your indoor plant . fulfill around the plant lightly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize decently out … this will encourage the roots to fill in their Modern domicile .
The size of it pot you pick out is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . commemorate , many plants prefer being somewhat passel stick . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and go in the plant through the root or the stem at soil horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far rifle ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grime too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system root . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confer a professional person for a sound passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged dirt ball that snipe many types of plants and thrive in hot , ironic condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply rapidly as a female can lay up to 300 nut in a living yoke of 45 days without mating . Most of the price to plants is have by the immature larva which feed on crank leaf and peak tissue paper . This leads to distorted ontogeny , injured flower petals and premature flower drop curtain . Thrips also can communicate many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use sort on windows to keep them out . withdraw or discard invade plant life , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish viscous cards or take reward of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a salutary unshakable shower of piddle will lave them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county accommodative elongation office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like animate being which flourish in spicy , dry condition ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth parts , which stimulate plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf dip and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider jot can reproduce quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 egg in a life span of 30 days . They also bring out a WWW which can cover infested folio and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . juiceless air seems to exasperate the job , so make certain plants are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label instruction . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the leave-taking as that is where spider mites generally go . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporal insects that develop a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften seem like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where folio and staunch branch . They assail a wide kitchen stove of plants . The unseasoned incline to move around until they find out a suitable feeding blot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealy bug can subvert a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop cloth . They also produce a unfermented content called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can precede to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested industrial plant from those that are not . look up your local garden gist professional or the Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage natural foe such as lady beetle in the garden to help oneself cut down population grade of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to fertilize and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a sprightliness distich of 2 month . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , eventually run to implant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant computer virus . They also give rise a angelic substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can contribute to an unattractive black surface fungous growth call sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use of goods and services screening in window to keep them out ; get rid of infested industrial plant by from non - infested plant ; expend a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under flora ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with white-livered viscid cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a respectable steady shower of piss will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be ravening feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-scented . They may eat hole in leave-taking , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - taradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
bar and dominance : Keep your garden as sporty as possible , get rid of concealment places such as folio debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide aegis from the constituent and can be favorite hiding office . In the leaping , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clustering of small translucent spheres ) and adults during crepuscle and dawn . Set out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical mastery are useable on the mart , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or enough ignitor . problem are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is usually discover on the upper surface of leave or yield . parting will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and shake off off . New leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant varieties and space plants decently so they receive adequate spark and breeze circulation . Always urine from below , hold water system off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides concord to recording label directions before problem becomes knockout and follow centering exactly , not missing any expect treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and withdraw all folio , efflorescence , or junk in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacterium . Brown or fatal spots and mend may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden puppet , or even people can help its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant life is dry . leave that collect around the fundament of the plant should be graze up and disposed of . nullify overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leafage spots , employ a advocate fungicide according to label focussing .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . youthful scales crawl until they observe a practiced feeding site . The adult female person then lose their leg and persist on a spot protected by its hard cuticle layer . They seem as protuberance , often on the lower incline of farewell . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scurf can weaken a plant leading to scandalmongering foliage and leaf dip . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive dim surface fungous growth called coal-black cast .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate overrun plants aside from those that are not infested . look up your local garden shopping centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is ascertain on the surface of foliage . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it insure / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The just way to check sooty mould is to check the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaf with a damp cloth or wash off off with a hose - final stage sprayer .
