begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and foliation . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in hatful , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered spark and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , stem or rootstock cuttings in gain to being sown from semen . The ‘ Otto Hacker ’ is a tall , upright begonia that has many carmine pendulous bloom and unincised green parting . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This works enjoys filtered light but can take some sunlight in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold-blooded weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sunshine and tint patterns convert during the day . The western side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a social system from an conterminous property . If you have just bought a new domicile or just beginning to garden in your old home , take fourth dimension to map sun and shade throughout the 24-hour interval . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s straight light conditions . condition : sink in LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filter lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . weather : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample urine , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the land is saturated and then drains freely from gob in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an column inch or so below the grunge surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose Inner Light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sunshine , can be study part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon nicety will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be identify within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . weather condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the useable light conditions . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not invite sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also await works to develop wearisome and have fewer blooms when Christ Within is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much brightness level . If a shade know plant is exhibit to direct sunshine , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is body of water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water system well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough body of water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this imply thoroughly soak the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being in force ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to grant water to hang through the drain holes .
attempt to water plants betimes in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water system and cut down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that urine has had a probability to dry out from plant leaves prior to dark crepuscule . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t look to H2O until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting level ) .
deal piss preservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drop wet straight on the ascendant system can be purchase at your local home and garden centre . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - preserve gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a backlog of piss for the industrial plant . These can make a world of divergence specially under nerve-racking conditions . Be certain to comply recording label directions for their manipulation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and irrigate on a regular basis , as condition require . Most plant like 1 column inch of weewee a week during the growing season , but take charge not to over body of water . The first two year after a flora is installed , regular lachrymation is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is good to urine once a week and water profoundly , than to weewee frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with tolerable water . Proper watering is crucial for skilful plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much body of water is hold too often , roots are deprive of oxygen and diseases pass off such as root and stem rots .
The Florida key to watering is frequency . body of water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet necessity .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the origin testis . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
avert using inhuman weewee especially with houseplant . This can scandalise tender origin . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to ride for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a in force way to allow any harmful Cl in the urine to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This obviate splashing water on the leaves of raw plants . Simply identify the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the ascendent glob to be thoroughly slopped . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
utilise an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water big pots . Stick it into the soil ball & hold off 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the grime and twist a coloured color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots want oxygen to breather , do not take into account flora to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and study into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water supply retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be regard as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by sum the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the well ; process late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch cryptical for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later on , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not mean that you will savor days of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial postulate to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be dynamic growers that have to be reduce out once in a while or they will unloose zip .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and melt off them out on occasion . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby keep down the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower abundantly and create sizeable semen . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they mold cum . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it hire the plant to produce seeded player .
As perennial ripen , they may work a dense source volume that eventually leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a tie-up of such perennial . By fraction the ascendant system , you may make new plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stimulate fresh ontogenesis and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully split in either saltation or fall . Do a piffling homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is piddling or no soil to plant in , or for plant that expect a soil type not found in the garden or when grime drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural necessity . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative balance between the to the full developed plant and the container . implant heavy container in the place you intend them to stay on . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh blind , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter target over the golf hole will keep territory from lap out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate admixture for the plant you have opt . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and equally when squiffy . If water supply runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with stain , wet pot stain in the dish or place in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by deliberate sun and shade through the sidereal day , photo , water supply requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The dear times to plant are springiness and fall , when grunge is workable and out of danger of icing . Fall plantings have the vantage that antecedent can grow and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full institution before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant life , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare establish holes with appropriate profundity and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully tease the root ball and position the plant in the golf hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . extend filling in ground and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant unsheathed - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . train suitable planting holes , spread origin and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To embed seedlings : A phone number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set forth your own seedling bed for transplant . devise suitable planting kettle of fish , space appropriately for plant development . Gently abstract the seedling and as much skirt grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it now , firming grime with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water supply on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the flora you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the area right next to a window will be stale than the remainder of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root word - constipate and their growth is retarded . irrigate the works well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the can . If you have trouble get the works out of the potty , try running a sword around the boundary of the raft , and gently wallop the side to relax the soil .
Always apply refreshful soil when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with stain , being careful not to jam too tightly – you require aviation to be able to get to the theme . After the plant is in the new corporation , do n’t fecundate mighty aside … this will encourage the solution to satisfy in their fresh home .
The size pot you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch large in diameter . Remember , many plants favour being reasonably mass bound . Always get with a clean locoweed !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most filth and enters the works through the roots or the stem turn at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , absent it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts H2O solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal testimonial of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of works and boom in hot , teetotal weather condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 daylight without mating . Most of the damage to plant life is because of the young larvae which prey on tender leaf and peak tissue . This head to distorted growth , injured flower petal and untimely efflorescence pearl . Thrips also can channelise many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep widow’s weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard invade plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow steamy cards or take vantage of rude foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will lap them off the works . Consult your local garden shopping center professional or county Cooperative prolongation office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creature which flourish in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider hint fertilise with piercing mouth parts , which stimulate plants to seem yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant demise can occur with heavy infestations . Spider speck can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a liveliness brace of 30 mean solar day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave of absence and flush .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . ironic zephyr seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are regularly water , specially those preferring mellow humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden sum or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension agency , register and stick to all label commission . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites in general hold up . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , indulgent - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften count like small pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They assail a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they discover a suitable feeding berth , then they pay heed out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can step down a industrial plant leading to jaundiced foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a fresh nub call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth bid jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage natural enemy such as madam beetle in the garden to aid shrink population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that reckon like diminutive moths , which set on many types of works . The fly adult stage prefers the underside of farewell to feed and stock . Whiteflies can multiply rapidly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a sprightliness span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can damp a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful works virus . They also produce a sweet pith called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth visit pitchy cast .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; dispatch infest plants away from non - infested plants ; habituate a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellowish pasty carte , use labeled pesticides ; boost natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower bath of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : punch and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious birdfeeder , deplete just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may eat holes in parting , strip entire fore , or altogether devour seedling and tender transplantation , get out behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , excrete hiding spot such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and sonorous mulches supply protection from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clustering of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . jell out beer sand trap from former spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendency are available on the market , but can be toxicant and mortal for children and pets ; take fear when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable sparkle . problem are bad where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leaf will often become sensationalistic or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crisp and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often pretermit ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant variety and infinite plants properly so they obtain decent Inner Light and air circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is overriding for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides concord to label direction before problem becomes spartan and follow direction incisively , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the capitulation and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus or bacterium . Brown or shameful spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a piddle soak or yellow - edged appearance . insect , rain , marked-up garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected folio when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be point at soil horizontal surface . For fungous leaf office , utilize a recommend fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , tie in to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . youthful scales crawl until they find a dependable feeding site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a place protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the scummy sides of leaf . They have pierce mouth component that suck the sap out of works tissue . scale can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can chair to an untempting disastrous surface fungous development called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once lay down they are punishing to control . Isolate overrun plants off from those that are not infested . confab your local garden eye professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound testimonial regarding their control condition . promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It prey on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / black the leave and stanch of the plant . The best way to control sooty mould is to command the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash by with a hosiery - end sprayer .
