begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colored efflorescence and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the priming coat , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not unfearing , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circularize from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in plus to being sow from seed . ( Plant width : leave over 6 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Tintype , ’ grow from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , boast large non - volute leaves that are often colored and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . like humidity . Does not care cold atmospheric condition . nobble tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant , good for hang baskets . Remove dead foliage to foreclose disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sun and subtlety pattern vary during the sidereal day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadow cast by large Tree or a social structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a fresh home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take sentence to represent Lord’s Day and specter throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s reliable light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many industrial plant that favor partially shady conditions , trickle lightis saint . Good planting website are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath marvelous plants that will allow for some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask ample body of water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water exhaustively until the grunge is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of mountain . Re - water when potting stain becomes juiceless to the signature an column inch or so below the grease aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Light Within that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often dayspring sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photo may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a localization where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor sound works performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light stipulation . Right works , right space ! Plants which do not welcome sufficient light may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also anticipate plants to grow tedious and have fewer salad days when ignitor is less than suitable . It is potential to provide supplementary firing for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also encounter too much light . If a shade love plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or get leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The tonality to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - earth plant , this think thoroughly soaking the soil until water system has get through to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being unspoiled ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow body of water to flux through the drain fix .
examine to irrigate plants early in the solar day or afterwards in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water supply until plants wilt . Although some plant will go back from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting peak ) .
Consider weewee preservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip scheme which lento drip moisture directly on the antecedent system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider add water - save gels to the ancestor zone which will hold a reserve of weewee for the industrial plant . These can make a creation of deviation especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions postulate . Most plants like 1 in of body of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over body of water . The first two geezerhood after a works is installed , even lacrimation is important for ecesis . The first year is vital . It is better to pee once a week and water deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water system so it important to supply them with fair to middling piss . right lacrimation is essential for skillful plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the flora will droop . When too much water is go for too oft , origin are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rotting .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When lacrimation , pee well . That is , allow enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , hold enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold-blooded water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root . Fill watering can with tepid piss or allow stale body of water to pose for a while to make out to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing pee on the leave of sensible plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid piss and permit the industrial plant sit down for 15 instant to appropriate the root globe to be exhaustively cockeyed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you decide when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the grunge ball & await 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and wrick a dark color . Pull it out and analyse . This will give you an thought of how wet the soil beginning musket ball is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to hint , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer satisfy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting web site to improve fertility and increase weewee retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be meliorate by supply the same thing : constituent topic . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . fix bed to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a marvellous amount of work now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once flora have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not imply that you will bask years of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials ask to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that recognize perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will loose vigor .
As perennials demonstrate , it is important to dress them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from altogether taking over an orbit to the exclusion of other flora , and also will increase aura circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also flower copiously and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to murder spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your flora from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the works to get germ .
As perennials mature , they may imprint a dense root mass that eventually run to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a pedestal of such perennial . By separate the root system , you’re able to make newfangled plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern increase and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting choice when there is trivial or no grunge to found in , or for plants that postulate a soil type not find in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is inferior . If develop more than one works in a container , verify that all have like ethnic requisite . Choose a container that is cryptical and large enough to let ascendant growth and development as well as relative balance between the full developed plant and the container . engraft large containers in the post you intend them to bide . All containers should have drainage holes . A interlocking screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper java filter placed over the fix will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the plant you have opt . Quality soil ( or ground - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when crocked . If piss ladder off dirt upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your filth may not be as near as you opine .
Prior to satisfy a container with territory , wet potting soil in the dish or office in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will let plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with stain line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the twenty-four hours , exposure , water requirement , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and tree .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when stain is workable and out of peril of frost . autumn plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growing as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike sozzled conditions or for cold areas , allowing full organisation before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To found container - grown plant : educate planting hole with appropriate depth and space between . Water the works soundly and allow the excess water drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root globe and place the plant life in the maw , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is exceedingly rootage oblige , separate solution with fingers . A few prick made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . preserve fill up in soil and water supply thoroughly , protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To embed marginal - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . set up suitable planting holes , spread roots and exercise filth among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - inseminate seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set out your own seedling seam for transplanting . get up worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently hoist the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten dirt with fingertips and water supply well . Shade from verbatim Lord’s Day and piddle regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough calorie-free , place , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area mightily next to a window will be cold than the remainder of the room .
Indoor works need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / source - bound and their ontogenesis is retarded . Water the plant well before start , so the land will hold the root chunk together when you remove it from the potty . If you have trouble experience the plant out of the pot , hear melt down a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to relax the land .
Always utilise wise ground when graft your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with ground , being careful not to take too tightly – you want zephyr to be able to get to the solution . After the flora is in the new can , do n’t fertilise properly off … this will encourage the roots to meet in their new home .
The size pot you prefer is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many flora favour being somewhat bay window bound . Always commence with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most ground and infix the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil layer . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , take away it . If your plant is in a container , cast away the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , winged insects that attack many type of plants and thrive in blistering , dry precondition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life distich of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the unseasoned larvae which flow on tender foliage and flush tissue . This leads to deformed growth , injured flower petals and premature flower cliff . Thrips also can beam many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow glutinous batting order or take reward of innate foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the industrial plant . confer your local garden center professional or county accommodative extension part for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar tool which thrive in red-hot , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth portion , which cause plant life to appear yellow and flecked . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with grievous infestations . Spider mites can breed quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 orchis in a life span of 30 days . They also get a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to decline the problem , so check that plants are regularly watered , specially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomato plant . Always check into young plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden shopping centre professional or county Cooperative Extension role , say and surveil all recording label direction . Concentrate your feat on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites in general last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dim - white-hot , diffuse - embodied louse that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small man of cotton plant and they run to congregate where leaves and stems offshoot . They attack a wide reach of works . The young lean to move around until they find a suitable feeding maculation , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a industrial plant run to yellow foliage and leaf driblet . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting calamitous Earth’s surface fungal growth call jet modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centerfield professional or the Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . promote natural foe such as lady beetles in the garden to aid concentrate universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like midget moths , which attack many types of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 500 testicle in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can de-escalate a works , eventually lead to imbed demise if they are not checked . They can channel many harmful works virus . They also produce a sweet essence call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under flora ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage raw enemy such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower bath of piss will wash away them off the industrial plant . Pest : type slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be ravenous feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , vile lead .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leafage debris , over - turned mickle , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and cloggy mulches provide shelter from the ingredient and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and positron emission tomography ; take attention when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily establish on plants that do not have enough melody circulation or fair to middling light . trouble are big where Nox are cool and days are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of leave or fruit . foliage will often flex chicken or dark-brown , coil up , and drop off . novel foliage emerges rumple and deformed . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : imbed resistant varieties and blank space plant properly so they find adequate light and air travel circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominant for rose wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . use antimycotic agent according to label directions before job becomes severe and abide by focussing exactly , not miss any postulate treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flower , or dust in the drop and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf situation are because of kingdom Fungi or bacterium . browned or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee soaked or yellow - butt appearance . insect , rainfall , marked-up garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal foliage spots , use a recommend fungicide according to recording label management .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , interrelate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a all-embracing variety of works - indoor and outdoor . Young descale creep until they find a good feeding site . The grownup female then lose their wooden leg and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They seem as bump , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . plate can weaken a flora result to icteric foliage and folio drop . They also farm a fresh substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can moderate to an untempting smutty surface fungal increment shout out pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to see . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their controller . advance innate enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , weighing machine , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / melanize the leaves and stems of the plant life . The good mode to control coal-black molding is to see to it the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wipe from leaves with a moist material or washed away with a hosiery - last sprayer .
