Begonias are fond perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliation . Most begonia can be grown alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in dribble light source and moist , but well drained soil . Where not unfearing , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be disperse from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from germ . ( Plant width : leaves 3 to 6 column inch ) The cultivar , ‘ Tiny Bright , ’ arise from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , featuring average - sized non - spiral leaves that are often colored and patterned . This plant enjoys filter spark but can take some sunshine in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia mature very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . pinch tip and pruning outer stems in the growing season give a bushier plant , good for hanging handbasket . get rid of dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade rule modify during the day . The westerly side of a home may even be shady due to phantom project by heavy trees or a social organisation from an conterminous dimension . If you have just bought a young dwelling house or just beginning to garden in your elderly place , take prison term to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your web site ’s true sluttish conditions . stipulation : Filtered LightFor many flora that prefer partially shady conditions , dribble lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - eff HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - roll in the hay houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drain freely from trap in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as strong as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor honest industrial plant functioning , it is desirable to equate the right plant with the available light-headed conditions . Right industrial plant , right place ! plant which do not welcome sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plant to grow wearisome and have few flush when sparkle is less than worthy . It is potential to provide supplementary lighting for indoor works with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving works is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is pee deeply and less oftentimes . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the tooth root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly pawn the filth until piss has perforate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow body of water to flow through the drainage muddle .
prove to water plants ahead of time in the solar day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve water supply and cut down on works stress . Do weewee early enough so that water has had a prospect to dry from flora leaves prior to dark fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
view water preservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which tardily dribble wet directly on the radical system of rules can be buy at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and husband wet .
believe adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a military reserve of water for the plant . These can make a earthly concern of deviation especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label direction for their manipulation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that stain should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions involve . Most plants like 1 column inch of water system a calendar week during the develop time of year , but take forethought not to over H2O . The first two years after a flora is establish , even lacrimation is significant for organization . The first yr is decisive . It is in force to water system once a week and pee deep , than to water often for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . right tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , theme will shrivel up and the plant will wilt . When too much piss is applied too oft , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease fall out such as tooth root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the flora call for to be re - watered consort to its wet requirements .
When tearing , body of water well . That is , allow enough piddle to thoroughly saturate the ancestor ball . With containerized plants , utilize enough water to allow water to menstruate through the drainage holes .
keep off using cold water specially with houseplant . This can shock attender solution . Fill lachrymation can with tepid urine or allow cold-blooded piss to sit for a while to come in to board temperature before watering . This is a skillful way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are well water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the parting of raw industrial plant . merely place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid pee and lease the plant sit for 15 proceedings to give up the ancestor ball to be exhaustively fuddled . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you decide when to re - water larger hatful . Stick it into the soil glob & hold back 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and try . This will give you an idea of how wet the grunge beginning ball is .
Roots postulate O to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with urine . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of senior manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water keeping and drain . If soil composition is debile , a bed of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the grime . Prepare beds to an 18 inch cryptical for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterwards , once plants have been demonstrate . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will savor years of maintenance - gratuitous horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose vigor .
As perennial found , it is significant to prune them back and reduce them out now and then . This will prevent them from whole taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many mintage also blossom abundantly and give rise ample semen . As flower slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flush before they take shape come . This will prevent your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a slow root volume that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system of rules , you’re able to make novel plant to constitute in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate new growing and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a trivial preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil case not found in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If arise more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root growth and growth as well as relative balance between the full recrudesce plant and the container . constitute large container in the place you designate them to bide . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh silver screen , broken clay mint pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting land you pick out should be an appropriate admixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet pronto and evenly when wet . If water pass off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your stain may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with soil , wet potting grease in the bagful or place in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . sate container about halfway full or to a grade that will permit plant , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with soil line when project is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and ghost through the solar day , exposure , piddle requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and attitude of other garden plants and tree diagram .
The best time to plant are spring and declination , when soil is practicable and out of risk of frost . free fall planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for frigid areas , leave full administration before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most flora , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To set container - grown plants : organise institute holes with appropriate depth and blank space between . Water the flora exhaustively and let the excess water supply drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant in the fix , working dirt around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely beginning bound , freestanding roots with digit . A few slits made with a air hole knife are all right , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue fill in dirt and water thoroughly , protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To constitute bare - root plants : industrial plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , spread theme and cultivate soil among root as you fill in . H2O well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A turn of perennial produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , firming dirt with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are capable to cater it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the region right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants require to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become gage / radical - bound and their ontogenesis is slow up . Water the plant well before begin , so the grease will book the root ball together when you remove it from the commode . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the border of the potbelly , and gently wallop the side to undo the grunge .
Always habituate fresh soil when transfer your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with grunge , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the fresh good deal , do n’t inseminate right by … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size toilet you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a sportsmanlike potbelly !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is discover in most soils and introduce the plant through the roots or the stem turn at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen lacrimation . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , cast aside the ground too . Wash the grass with a 1 part whitener to 9 share water answer . antimycotic agent can be used , according to recording label direction . Consult a professional for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged worm that assault many types of plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply rapidly as a female can consist up to 300 testis in a life span of 45 mean solar day without union . Most of the hurt to plant is because of the young larva which feed on tender folio and blossom tissue . This leads to misrepresented ontogeny , injured efflorescence petals and premature flower free fall . Thrips also can channelize many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with chickenhearted viscous card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory speck . Sometimes a estimable steady shower of weewee will wash them off the plant . confer with your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension government agency for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - same creature which expand in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider speck feed in with pierce oral cavity part , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and works death can occur with heavy plague . wanderer mites can procreate quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 testis in a living brace of 30 days . They also produce a entanglement which can wrap up infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . ironic air travel seems to worsen the trouble , so ensure plants are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check Modern works prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and be all label guidance . Concentrate your campaign on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider speck mostly live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - lily-white , flabby - bodied louse that bring forth a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / blow mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem outgrowth . They assault a wide range of plants . The new tend to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they string up out in Colony and feed . Mealybugs can soften a flora leading to icteric foliage and leaf drop . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungal increase call sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden snapper professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help oneself reduce universe level of mealy bugs . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plant . The flying adult level opt the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 ball in a lifetime span of 2 months . If a flora is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the works is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually leading to found death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also get a gratifying substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal development called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; employment test in windows to keep them out ; polish off infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a meditative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; snare with yellow unenviable cards , apply labeled pesticides ; boost innate enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may use up trap in leaves , strip entire stems , or altogether devour seedlings and stamp transplants , pass on behind tell - tale silvery , worthless lead .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate concealment office such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy place and heavy mulch provide auspices from the component and can be favorite concealment place . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and break of day . coiffe out beer traps from late give through fall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the market , but can be toxicant and mortal for children and pet ; take forethought when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually discover on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaf or yield . Leaves will often turn xanthous or brown , draw in up , and drop off . New leaf emerges crinkled and deformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant mixture and space plants properly so they take in adequate light and airwave circulation . Always water from below , keeping water supply off the leafage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes life-threatening and follow focussing exactly , not missing any postulate treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and slay all leaves , flowers , or detritus in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf musca volitans are due to fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or smutty berth and plot of ground may be either ragged or orbitual , with a pee inebriate or yellow - edged show . insect , rain , filthy garden tool , or even people can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave of absence when the plant is dry . leaf that collect around the base of the works should be scan up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil floor . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide agree to recording label counseling .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , bear on to mealy hemipteron , that can be a problem on a all-encompassing form of plants - indoor and outdoor . unseasoned scales crawl until they happen a good feeding internet site . The grownup females then lose their leg and remain on a spot protected by its operose shell layer . They appear as blow , often on the lower English of leaves . They have piercing lip parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can subvert a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also bring on a gratifying substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can go to an unattractive black surface fungous outgrowth call sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are knockout to control . Isolate infested plants aside from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find out on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it hide / blacken the leaves and stem of the plant . The good path to control jet-black mould is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
