Many viruses are spread by insect vector like thrip , aphids , and hint . However , the two most common viral pathogens found in orchidaceous plant , Cymbidium mosaic computer virus ( CymMV ) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus ( ORSV ) , are not transmitted or spread by insect . rather , the role of the transmitter is played by orchid caretaker with all their legal tender , fuck care . virus can be spread by preen and preening with lousy tools ( known as mechanically skillful transmission ) , reusing dirty pots and potting media , and not clean hands or work surfaces . Virus particles know in plant cells and are loose when the leaf is cut into or hurt during any kind of orchidaceous plant maintenance or division . Both CymMV and ORSV are very unchanging pathogen that can live outside of an orchid for very long periods of clock time . A close facial expression at both of these pathogen will now be taken .
cymbid mosaic virus ( CymMV)Cymbidium mosaic virus ( CymMV ) is a Potexvirus and is credibly the most common and widely distributed of the orchidaceous plant virus . It is loosely found only in cultivated orchids , not those in the wild . mechanically skillful transmission via tools and interchangeable means is how it spreads , not by seed or insects . Symptoms typically let in greensickness or necrosis on the foliage , unremarkably as a mosaic pattern , lesions , or streaks . Sunken necrotic topographic point may also occur on the leaves . Flower symptoms consist of efflorescence break ( unorthodox discolored fleck or streaks on the petals ) or necrotic run or recessed point on the petals . Flower symptom generally do not seem until after the bud has been open for a workweek or more . new open flower seldom have symptoms .
Less obvious symptom can also pass off , such as slowed or scrawny increase , poor flowering , or overall inadequate flora caliber . For orchidaceous plant latterly infected with CymMV , it is common for the works not to exhibit any symptoms until the first time it blossom or becomes try after infection . Some orchid never display symptoms . Even without symptoms , the virus is present , infectious , and poses a jeopardy of infect the sleep of the collection .
tidy foliage ( left ) , CymMV - infected leaf ( right ) . Dendrobium species . Dr. R. McMillan , Homestead , Florida
Odontoglossum ringspot virus ( ORSV)Odontoglossum ringspot virus ( ORSV ) is a Tobamovirus and was once refer to as Tobacco mosaic computer virus orchid mental strain ( TMV - atomic number 8 ) . It was determined that these two pathogens are very closely related to but distinct enough to be considered separate viral pathogens .
ORSV - infect Cattleya metal money . Dr. R. McMillan , Homestead , Florida
Tobamoviruses other than ORSV are not considered serious pathogen of orchids . Like CymMV , ORSV is spread through mechanical transmission system only . Foliar symptoms generally include greensick or necrotic mob , spots , or streak , which may or may not be sunken . In orchid varieties with cherry or reddish blue - pigmented leaves , symptom could include acute reddish pigmentation . Flower symptoms are common with ORSV , usually appear as color break . As with other viruses , ORSV - infected orchids might not exhibit any symptoms while still serving as an infectious host .
These two viruses often happen on an individual basis as a undivided transmission . However , if an orchid is exposed to both viruses , they pronto occur as a dual infection . A CymMV and ORSV treble contagion may cause an enhancement of the symptoms that would otherwise be expected from a undivided infection .
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